浅析多层采空区的塌陷机理及发展因素

首先对多层采空区的塌陷机理进行了分析，然后分别研究了煤层采出厚度、埋藏深度、覆岩岩性、时间因素及重复采动等因素对多层采空区塌陷的影响。结果表明：冒裂带高度与煤层采出厚度成正比；但是对于多分层开采的特厚煤层或近距离煤层群来讲，其下各分层开采的影响已显著减弱。地表的塌陷影响是随着开采煤层埋藏深度的增加而递减；但是对于开采下部煤层或同一煤层开采下一工作面时，岩层及地袁移动过程比初次采动剧烈，地表移动范围扩大。硕板岩层愈硬，导水破裂带高度愈高；随着开采层数的增加，煤层开采累积厚度也随之增加，但对冒落带高度的影响则愈来愈小。

Analysis of multi-mined-out area of the collapse mechanism and development factor

First,multi- mined- out area collapse mechanism is analyzed, and then studied out of the seam thickness, burial depth, the lithology of overlying strata, time factors and the duplication of mining and other factors on multi - effect collapse of mined -out area. The results showed that： take the rupture zone height and seam thicknesses proportional; but for multi - layered exploration of extra - thick coal seam or a close group of terms, under which the impact of each slice mining has been significantly weakened. Collapse of the impact of surface mining coal seam, with the increase in burial depth diminishes; but for the lower coal mining coal mining or the same the next face, the rock and surface movem - ent than the initial mining process of dramatic.