贵州麻江蓝莓种植区基岩-土壤剖面元素地球化学特征

本文对麻江蓝莓核心产区种植剖面的地球化学特征进行分析,选取与蓝莓生长关系密切的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Al、Mn、Mo、Co、V、Se、Cr、Cu、Zn十四种元素作为研究对象,结果表明:土壤中元素的地球化学特征受植物根系、外援施肥、自然气候、土壤理化性质及母岩等多种因素影响。黏粒含量高的土壤剖面元素移动性较差,含量变化程度小。Se在垂直方向上的含量变化规律主要受土壤有机质含量影响,其他元素地球化学特征主要与母岩风化和淋溶作用等因素有关。基岩产状影响土壤元素在垂直方向上的变化,产状平缓的剖面各元素在下层累积较高,而基岩产状倾斜的剖面底层土壤元素随水流失,元素含量最高值大多都出现在次底层。剖面土壤中元素的地球化学特征与自然气候、土壤理化性质及母岩等因素有关,耕作层土壤元素主要受植物根系和外援施肥影响。

Geochemical characteristics of elements in rock-soil profiles of a blueberry planting area in Majiang County, Guizhou Province

The purpose of this work is to reveal the geochemical characteristics of the planting profile in a core production area of blueberry in Majiang County, Guizhou Province. Fourteen elements closely related with blueberry growth were analyzed, including K, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Al, Mn, Mo, Co, V, Se, Cr, Cu, and Zn. The results show that the geochemical characteristics of elements in soil are influenced by the plant root system, external fertilization, natural climate, physical and chemical properties of soil and parent rock. The soil profile with high clay content has poor element mobility and little change of content. The content variation of Se in vertical direction is mainly affected by the content of soil organic matter, and the geochemical characteristics of other elements are related with the weathering and leaching of parent rock. The occurrence of bedrock affects the change of soil elements in the vertical direction. The elements in the section with gentle occurrence accumulate higher in the lower layer, while those in the bottom layer of the section with inclined occurrence of bedrock lose with water, and the highest element content mostly appears in the sub bottom layer. Overall, the geochemical characteristics of the elements in the profile soil are associated with the natural climate, physical and chemical properties of the soil and the parent rock. The soil elements in the cultivated layer are also affected by the plant root system and external fertilization.