博茨瓦纳莫能锰矿床地质特征及成因

莫能锰矿为元古代形成的与含铁建造密切相关的锰矿床。本文系统总结了区域地质背景、锰矿床地质特征,并对含锰地层的岩相古地理进行了分析,认为含矿岩系为滨外浅海陆棚沉积。在此基础上,初步建立了矿床的成因模式,提出矿床成因属浅海沉积变质型。与世界上最大的锰矿田卡拉哈里锰矿田进行对比后,认为它们在成矿背景、成矿时代、矿床特征、岩相古地理条件及后生改造等方面均有相似之处,莫能锰矿具有成为大型锰矿床的找矿潜力。

Geological Features and Genesis of the Moeng Manganese Ore Deposit in Botswana

Abstract: The Moeng manganese ore deposit in Botswana, formed in Proterozoic Era, is closely associated with iron-bearing formation. Based on the regional geological background and geological features, this paper analyses the lithofacies palaeogeography of this area, and suggests that this manganese ore deposit was formed in a continental shelf deposit environment. Accordingly, a genetic model is established for this ore deposit, and a view of point is proposed that it is a neritic sedimentary metamorphic manganese deposit. The comparison between the Moeng manganese ore deposit and the Kalahari manganese ore field, the largest in the world, shows that these two manganese ore deposits have similarities in metallogenic background, metallogenic age, ore deposit features, lithofacies palaeogeography, and epigenetic modification. It is thus concluded that the Moeng manganese deposit has a potential of search for manganese ore to become a large-scale mine.