勘误《辞源》与《词典》关于翡翠玉石词汇的解释

本文基于翡翠历史概念研究的一些过往突破,通过训诂学的方法分析了<辞源>与<汉语大词典>关于翡翠玉石词汇的解释,发现了在古文记载引用和解释方面存在失误,需要修改.古代的"金翠"、"珠翠"、"翠玉"概念和东汉班固<西都赋>中的"翡翠火齐"概念都是渊源于点翠工艺,分别指黄金 翠羽、珍珠 翠羽、翠羽 美玉、翠羽 火齐宝石."翠玉"和"翡翠"都可衍生为指"翠竹",而南宋杜绾著<云林石谱>中的"于阗石"或者"于阗翡翠"指的实际是青金(lapis lazuli).因此,将清代以前的"翡翠"概念简单地解释为"碧玉"或者"绿玉"(绿色软玉)是错误的.

ON INTERPRETATION OF JADE-RELATED FEICUI PHRASES IN THE ORIGIN OF WORDS AND CHINESE THESAURUS

Based on past breakthroughs concerning research on the historical concepts of Feicui,this paper performed a detailed reinterpretation about Feicui-related historical phrases as contained in the Origin of Words and Chinese Thesaurus(i.e.,Hanyu Dacidian).The study pointed out that many serious mistakes occur in regard to references to ancient Chinese records and interpretation of the Feicui-related concepts and they should be corrected completely and timely.Our research found that historical concepts such as "Jincui","Zhucui","Cuiyu" and "Feicui Huoqi"(referred to in BAN Gu's Xi Du Fu in East Han Dynasty) all originated from the ancient plumage decoration technology,and actually refer to gold kingfisher plumage,pearl kingfisher plumage,kingfisher plumage jade,kingfisher plumage Huoqi(a kind of gemstone),respectively,while "Cuiyu" and "Feicui" can also indicate bamboo as their derived sense.The so-called Yutian Stone or Yutian Feicui as contained in DU Wan's Yun Lin Shi Pu in Southern Song Dynasty is actually Lapis Lazuli imported from Badakhshan.Finally,it was pointed out that the Feicui concept before the Qing Dynasty cannot be simply interpreted as representing jasper or green nephrite jade,as this explanation lacks convincing evidence.