大气颗粒物矿物相组成与微观形貌研究进展

矿物颗粒是大气颗粒物的重要组成部分,其物相组成和微观形貌等特征既对人体危害的机理研究具有重要意义,同时蕴藏着颗粒物来源及变化等有用信息。自上个世纪80年代至今,大气颗粒物中矿物颗粒物相组成及微观形貌的研究大致经历了3个阶段,主要体现在研究方法和手段的不断探索与进步,研究对象由总悬浮颗粒向PM2.5甚至更细颗粒物以及由全颗粒分析向单颗粒分析转移,不断重视原生矿物变化及次生矿物生成机理研究。本文提出发生硫化现象的原生矿物及二次成因硫酸盐颗粒是未来研究的重要方向之一。

A review on studies of mineral composition and mineral micromorphology of the atmospheric particulate matter

Mineral particle is an important component of atmospheric particulate matters.The characteristics of mineral phase composition and micromorphology have important significance for researching on the mechanism of harm to human bodies,and have valuable information such as source and compositional variation of the particulate matter.From 1980 s to present,the development of study on the composition and micro-morphology of mineral particles in China’s atmospheric particulate matter can be generally classified into three periods(before 2000,2000-2010,2010-2017),based on the continuous exploration and improvement of research methods and techniques,and variation of research objects.Generally,research objects are changed from total suspended particles,to PM2.5 particles,even to less than PM2.5 particles in terms of particle size,and from bulk particles to individual particles in terms of analyzing objects.In addition,researches on mechanisms of the transformation of primary minerals and the formation of secondary minerals have been continuously paid attention to.Especially,we have proposed that the study on the partly sulfurized primary minerals and secondary sulfate particles is one of the most important research directions in future.