煤矸石井下填充对矿井水的污染及其吸附控制模拟实验

以焦作煤矿区演马矿煤矸石为例，采取连续淋溶方式，模拟井下填充过程中煤矸石对地下水的污染，并利用土壤的吸附性能对矸石中溶出的污染因子进行控制。检测了淋溶水中的pH值、氟、总硬度、锰、铅、镉等6个因子，其中铅、镉未检出。实验表明，pH值、氟、总硬度变化范围均符合地下水Ⅲ类标准。锰是造成地下水污染的主零因子，考虑到累积效应，氟也有可能影响地下水质。控制实验显示，利用当地土壤的吸附性能对矸石中溶出的污染因子进行控制是可行、有效的，且分层填充比混合填充的控制效果好。

Simulating experiments on the pollution of mine water after filling-in with gangue and its control

Based on the continual leaching experiments with gangue collected from the Yanma coal mine in the Jiaozuo coal mine area, this paper describes groundwater pollution after filling-in with gangue and pollution control with local soils due to its good absorption property. In the experiment, six indexes, such as pH, F- , total hardness, Mn, Pb and Cd, were tested. The results indicate that the pH, F^- and total hardness are in accordance with the groundwater quality standards, Pb and Cd are not detected, and the main pollutant is Mn. Considering the accumulation effect, F^- may have an influence on the water quality in the future. The control experiments showed that it is possible and effective to control the leaching of pollutants from gangue with local soils by using its absorption capacity. It is more effective to filling in with the layer structure of gangue and soil instead of a mixture one.