大型水源地开采地下水导致的盐分迁移和污染

以河南省新乡市为例,通过分析地下水渗流、水化学和同位素的时空特征,对大型水源地长期开采地下水所导致的溶质迁移进行了研究。研究表明,大型水源地长期集中开采地下水,形成了较大面积和较深的地下水位降落漏斗,改变了地下水自北部山前冲洪积斜地向南部的冲积平原渗流的运动格局,地下水中盐分和污染物随着地下水渗流而迁移,北部污染严重的地下水和南部微咸水都向漏斗区运移。因此,双向迁移的结果,使得水源地附近水质变差,污染程度加重。

Salinity transfer and pollution caused by groundwater exploitation at large-scale wellfields

Taking the city of Xinxiang as an example,thansferrence of contaminant and solute in aquifers caused by the changes in hydraulic field after a long time groundwater exploitation at large-scale wellfields is examined by analyzing hydrochemistry and isotope in groundwater in the study area.The results indicate that the long-term groundwater overdraft has lead to a bigger and deeper cone of groundwater level and changed the hydraulic field,which has moved from the north piedmont pluvial slope to the south alluvial plain.Contaminants and solutes in the north of the wellfield(one of serious polluted groundwater region in the city of Xinxiang) was transferred to the cone of groundwater level by the groundwater flow,and the salty groundwater in the south of Xinxiang was transferred from the south to the cone of groundwater level in the north.The two-direction migration of contaminants has gradually polluted and worsened the groundwater around the wellfield.