地质作用深度测算中的问题

迄今为止，地质作用的深度通常是用压力除以密度来计算的。这种方法只在假设岩石处于静止的液体状态下才是正确的。然而，实际上从浅部地壳直至地幔深处的岩石都是固体状态而不是液体状态，且粘性系数随浓度递增。实测数据表明，地下水平压应力总是大于垂直压应力，说明构造力在量值上超过重力。所以，在地壳中进行地质作用深度的测算必须把岩石看作是固体并依据固体物理理论。因此，吕古贤等在文献〔１６〕中提出的深度测算方法（１

CONSIDERATIONS ON DETERMINATION OF THE DEPTH OF GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES

The method sofar adopted to determine the depth where geological processes occur is to divide the pressure by specific weight (density) of rocks. This method is correct only when the rocks are assumed to be hydrosatic. Actually,rocks from the shallow crust to the deep mantle,are not ideally hydrosatic,and the viscosity coefficient of them is known to increase gradually with depth.Also,stress measurements show that horizontal compressive stress is usually greater than vertical stress at some depth,indicating the important role of tectonic force in the stress state of rocks. It is worthy of note that Lu et al(1998)proposed a method for measuring the depth where some geological processes occurred.