贵州兴义喀斯特景观特征

贵州省兴义市是典型的喀斯特地区，区内广泛分布着雄伟壮丽的喀斯特地貌景观，以高原、峡谷、峰丛、峰林、石林以及发育其间的瀑布群、泉群等组合为特征。其中，马岭河峡谷长74．8km，谷底宽30-50m，切割深度300～700m，被誉为“高原峡谷一线天”；两岸地表支流、泉水坠入河谷形成常年瀑布多达70余处，瀑高50-200m，构成云贵高原一大喀斯特水文地貌奇观；斜坡台原之上峰丛峰林密集相连，层层叠置，景象甚为雄伟壮观；其中峰体坡度较缓的锥状喀斯特先是在古地理的外动力环境影响下发育形成，后又经受高原抬升的影响，在发育持续时间、环境及其形态特征上与桂林峰林均有所不同，因而成为全球锥状喀斯特发育演化过程最为完整的范例之一。独特的兴义喀斯特景观，是在特定的岩性结构条件下，经长期构造运动抬升切割和风化剥蚀作用形成的，具有很大的科学意义和观赏价值。

Features of karst landscape at Xingyi, Guizhou

Xingyi is a typical karst region. There is magnificent karst geologic landscape characterized by an alignment of the plateau, gorge, peak-forest and peak-cluster karst, stone forest, and waterfall as well as spring landscape. Among them, Malinghe gorge is 74.8 kilometers long, 30-50 meters wide on the bottom, and the dissecting depth is 300-700 meters. So the gorge is called ＂one thread of sky inside the plateau＂. More than 70 perennial waterfalls formed by many tributaries and springs failing into Malinghe gorge with the difference between 50--200 meters, which is a great wonder of karst hydrologic landscape at Yunnan- Guizhou Plateau. On the slope platform and plane, series of peak-forest and peak-cluster karst are closely linked forming majestic scenery. The gentle-sloped cone karst was formerly formed under ancient geography, and then impacted by the uplifting of the plateau. So, nowadays it is different from the Guilin tower karst in the development time and environment as well as the products. Thus, it has become one of the most complete examples of the global evolution of cone karst. Under the condition of the particular carbonate rock structure, the unique Xingyi karst landscape is formed by tectonic uplifting,river dissecting,weathering and erosion over many thousands of years. So, it is of great scientific significance and ornamental value.