黄河中上游能源基地区岩溶大泉衰减原因、变化趋势及其防治对策

黄河中上游地区,自黄河青铜峡,经内蒙准格尔、山西、陕西两省至河南西部,为我国最重要的以煤炭资源为主的能源基地。随着能源基地的建设和开发,区域岩溶地下水水位连年持续下降,岩溶泉水流量衰减,引起了一系列环境地质问题,如水质恶化、生态退化等。本文从能源基地岩溶泉流量衰减问题入手,研究了能源基地区岩溶泉水流量衰减问题,提出了开展水土保持工作、合理控制地下水的开采、搞好矿坑水的综合利用及污水处理资源化等相应的防治对策。

RESEARCH ON ATTENUATION CAUSES AND CHANGE TENDENCY OF LARGE KARST SPRINGS IN ENERGY RESOURCE BASE ON THE MIDDLE AND UPPER REACHES OF YELLOWRIVER

The middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River,covering from the Bronze Gorge to the west of Henan Province by way of Zhunge'er,Shannxi and Shanxi,acts as the most important coal-dominated energy resource base of China.With the construction and development of the base in recent years,the karst groundwater table in these regions keeps descending,and the flow of karst springs diminishes as well,which have caused a series of environmental geology problems such as water quality deterioration,ecology degradation and so on.Starting with reduction of spring water flow in karst energy resource base,this paper put forward such countermeasures as conservation of soil and water,temperate exploitation of groundwater,integrative use of water in mining pits and sewage transformation to water resource.