水文模型参数区域化研究进展

参数区域化方法是解决资料缺乏地区水文模拟和预报的有效手段，主要包括回归法、空间邻近法和属性相似法三类方法，可将有资料流域的水文模型参数移用到资料缺乏流域。首先回顾了区域化方法的基本原理和应用方法，并分析了三类主要区域化方法的适用性。从流域特征因子、水文模型及参数、不确定性探讨三个方面综述了区域化方法的研究进展。分析发现，当前区域化方法缺乏完善的理论基础，流域特征因子选择存在主观性，水文模型及参数的适用性方面研究不足。最后展望了未来的研究重点：（1）多维度适用性比较；（2）水文过程和参数的空间分布规律；（3）参数的尺度问题；（4）参数区域化的不确定性问题。

Review of Hydrological Model Parameter Regionalization

Parameter regionalization method is an effective tool to solve hydrological modeling and forecasting in the ungauged basins, including regression method, spatial nearest neighbor method and attribute similarity method. Firstly, the basic principles and application of regionalization methods are reviewed, and the applicability of three kinds of regionalization methods is analyzed. This paper reviews the progress of regionalization methods from four aspects: comparison of regionalization methods, watershed characteristics, hydrological models and parameters, and uncertainty. It is found that the current regionalization method lacks perfect theoretical basis, the selection of watershed characteristics is subjective, and the research on the applicability of hydrological models and parameters is insufficient. Finally, the future research emphases are prospected :(1) multi-dimensional applicability comparison; (2) spatial distribution of hydrological processes and parameters; (3) scale and uncertainty of parameters.