河流泥沙模拟技术进展与展望

本文系统总结了河流模拟技术的发展过程和研究成果。河流模拟技术包括河流实体模型和泥沙数学模型两部分。在实体模型方面,已建立了一整套河工模型的相似理论、设计方法和试验技术,在模型变态、模型沙选择、高含沙水流模拟、模型测验等方面取得了重要的研究成果,并解决了大量的工程泥沙问题。在数学模型方面,建立了一维、二维和三维泥沙数学模型,并随着泥沙基本理论研究的不断深入与广泛的工程应用,在计算模式、数值计算方法、计算结果的后处理、参数选择、高含沙水流问题处理等方面均取得了重要进展。本文还展望了河流模拟技术今后的发展方向。

Development and Prospects of Simulating Technology for River Sedimentation

This paper summarizes the development and achievements of simulating technology for river sedimentation, including physical models and mathematical models. For the physical models, a complete set of similarity theories, design methods, test techniques have been set up, and a lot of important research results have been achieved in design of distorted models, selection of model sediment, simulation of hyperconcentrated flow, and model measuring, which are used for solving a lot of engineering sediment problems. For the mathematical models, 1 -D, 2 -D and 3 -D mathematical models have been established systematically, and meaningful development has been achieved through theory researches and engineering practices, such as in calculation models, numerical methods, after-treatment of calculation results, selection of parameters, and dealing with hyperconcentrated flow. Otherwise, this paper also prospects the future development.