分项调查与水文模型相结合的九龙江流域 天然径流量计算

由于人类活动影响,水文站的实测径流过程普遍发生显著变化,而大量水资源分析计算工作必须以天然径流量为基础。以九龙江流域为例,提出将分项调查法与水文模型法相结合的流域天然径流量综合还原法,即采用分项调查法对主要水文站控制集水区的实测径流数据做还原计算,利用还原后的径流数据构建以子流域为单元的SWAT降雨径流模型,进而通过参数移用,利用该模型模拟得到全研究区不同子流域的天然径流数据。利用该方法得到的主要控制站及无径流观测子流域的天然径流数据均具有较高准确性。该方法既可以充分利用有资料流域的详实观测数据,又可以解决无资料区对天然径流数据的需求,可以为水资源评价、水量分配等工作提供依据。

Reconstruction of Natural Runoff in the Jiulong River Basin Based on the Combined Use of the Runoff Component Investigation Method and Hydrological Modelling

Due to impacts of human activities the runoff process observed at hydrological stations changed significantly,whereas many water resources analyses and calculations must be based on natural runoff data.Taking the Jiulong River basin as an example,a comprehensive runoff reconstruction method is proposed to combine the traditional runoff component investigation method with the hydrological modelling method to reconstruct the natural runoff of the basin.The runoff component investigation method is used to reconstruct the natural runoff data observed at the main hydrological stations in the catchment,the reconstructed runoff data is used to calibrate a distributed SWAT model,and finally the model is used to simulate the natural runoff data of the entire basin by transferring model parameters to all ungauged sub-basins.The reconstructed natural runoff data of the main control stations and ungauged sub-basins have high accuracy.This method can not only make full use of the observational data,but also meet the demand for natural runoff data in areas without observations,and can support water resources analyses such as water resources evaluation and water resources allocation.