新疆平原地区水面蒸发量预测模型研究

新疆降水稀少、蒸发强烈,水面蒸发是河川径流水量损失的主要组成部分。农业是新疆经济的主要支柱和优势产业,而新疆的农业是灌溉农业,渠系众多,水面蒸发量损失较大,合理地预测水面蒸发量是有效利用水资源和促进农业发展的基础。利用新疆近30年来的气象资料。分别分析了南疆和北疆的月平均气温、湿度、水汽压等与月水面蒸发量的关系,结果表明气温和月水面蒸发量相关性均较好。可建立用气温资料预测水面蒸发量的模型。通过随机选取的测站月气温资料对模型进行了验证,计算结果表明模型误差较小,模型有实用价值。

A Model of Water Surface Evaporation Forecasting for Xinjiang Plain Area

There are low precipitation and high evaporation in Xinjiang while water surface evaporation main stem from water loss of river runoff. Agriculture is an important economic backbone in Xinjiang. However, farming need irrigation. Because canal system will lead to hihg water surface evaporation, scientific forecasting water surface evaporation is the foundation of effectively utilizing water resources and promoting agriculture development. This paper analyzes the relationship between monthly average air temperature, humidity, vapour pressure and water surface evaporation with meteorological data during thirty years in Xinjiang. The results indicate that there are close correlations with which a model can be built to forecast water surface evaporation. The model has been tested and verified with monthly temperature data. The results show that it is not only more reasonable, but also has fewer errors than the others.