上海城市地下工程环境地质效应的几个关键问题

城市工程环境地质效应是随着城市化快速进程中的一种自然与人为作用下的新型地质作用，这种作用的持续发展，造成人员和财产的损失，即质变为城市地质灾害。随着上海城市建设进程加快，地下空间的开发所引起的环境地质问题，成为上海城市工程环境地质效应的关键问题；上海地铁M4号线建设重大事故发生后，对地下工程潜在的环境地质作用的研究显得特别重要。本文在大量调查、分析与研究的基础上,结合上海市城市地下空间快速发展面临的一系列工程环境地质灾害，采用自然科学与社会科学相互交叉的方法，剖析了上海市地下工程建设中的主要环境和地质灾害问题；针对城市地下空间引起的工程环境地质灾害具有突发性、潜在性、隐蔽性、社会性的特点．归纳出城市地质灾害的成灾原因，提出防治对策；根据城市发展的实际情况和2004年以后的远景目标，因地制宜地提出了整治城市地下空间工程环境地质效应的基本对策与管理措施．为制定城市地下空间发展远景规划和奋斗目标提供基本思路。这对深化地下工程环境地质问题的认识，推动城市地下工程环境及岩土工程问题的研究有积极意义。

URBAN GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT ON UNDERGROUND ENGINEERING IN SHANGHAI CITY

Urban geo-environmental effect is a new kind of geological action of natural and human factors in the process of urbanization. When the effect develops going worse and the lives and wealth are lose directly, resulting in the urban geological disasters. The environment concerning with the underground engineering is significant to Shanghai City development,especially NO. M4 underground railway building accident occurring. This paper takes alternative measures of sciences and social sciences, links with series of geo-environmental effect, and analyses the harmfulness of geological effects in Shanghai city. It suggests the basic counter measures and managing measures that renovate geological effects in Shanghai City so that it makes a long-range plan of city-developing and the objective of a struggle based on real situation. The analytic results are helpful to solve its serious geo-environmental effects, and push forward the study of urban geo-environmental effects of underground engineering in Shanghai city.