基于GIS的陕西省矿山地质环境综合分区研究

陕西省矿山环境地质问题严重,其影响因素可分为矿山开发对地质环境的影响程度、地质环境背景及区位条件、矿产资源开发利用规划、矿山生态环境恢复治理难易程度等四大类.本文在MAPGIS平台上,采用正方形网格单元划分,选择综合指数模型为评价模型,将各影响因素处理成基于GIS的单因素专题图层,再将各专题图层按权重进行空间代数叠加,利用叠加结果进行矿山地质环境综合评估分区,将陕西省矿山地质环境按综合评估指数的大小分为三级区,其中严重区22个,面积8 384.09 km2;较严重区40个,面积约20 194.7 km2;一般区1个,面积177 221.21 km2.

GIS-BASED COMPREHENSIVE ZONATION OF MINE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN SHAANXI PROVINCE

The geological environmental problems associated with mining are becoming serious in Shaanxi province.The factors influencing on the mine geological environment include the effect of mining on the geological environment,the location and setting of the geological environment,mineral resources development planning,and the difficulty in mine ecological recovery.The paper presents a method for zoning the mine geological environment using the MAPGIS.The vector maps representing the spatial distribution of the influential factors are transformed into grid layers that are easy to process in the MAPGIS.Then the grid layers are combined with a weighted linear equation using map overlay to obtain a map indicating the quality of the mine geological environment.The resultant grid map is categorized into three classes: severe,relatively severe,and moderate,and then vectorized into a vector map.It is found that in Shaanxi province,the zoning number and area representing that the mine geological environment is severe account for 22 and 8 384.09 km2,respectively,the zoning number and area representing that the mine geological environment is relatively severe are 40 and 20 194.7 km2,respectively,while the zoning number and area indicating that the mine geological environment is moderate account for 1 and 177 221.21 km2,respectively.