我国东部农村地区土壤及水环境中全氟化合物的组成特征和来源初探

关于全氟化合物(PFCs)在我国农村环境中的分布还未见相关的报道。本文利用固相萃取分离富集结合高效液相色谱-电喷雾负电离源串联质谱法分析我国东部8个农村地区土壤、地表水、地下水样品中17种PFCs的污染水平和组成特征, 并利用比值法初步判定了水环境中PFCs的污染来源。结果显示, 土壤中全氟羧酸类以PFOA为主(0.34~14.5 ng/g), 全氟烷基磺酸类以PFOS为主(0.02~0.08 ng/g);地表水中PFCs以PFOA、PFHxA、PFOS和PFBA为主(4.8~29.6、0.73~31.8、nd~7.1和nd~6.1 ng/L);地下水中PFCs主要为PFOA、PFHxA、PFBA(nd~176、nd~50.1和0.08~16.1 ng/L)。土壤及水环境中PFCs总体上呈现从南到北递减的趋势;地表水中PFCs污染源大致分为生活污水和大气沉降两大类, 其中大气沉降的贡献较大。

Composition and Source of Perfluorinated Compounds in Soil and Waters from the Rural Areas in Eastern China

At present, little research on perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) has been carried out in rural areas. To better determine the pollution level and the geographical distribution of PFC in rural areas, soils, surface waters, and groundwaters were collected from 8 rural areas in eastern China. Seventeen PFC compounds were analyzed using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and LC-MS-MS. The sources of PFCs are determined by compound ratios. Results show that PFOA (0.34-14.5 ng/g) is the dominant perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and PFOS (0.02-0.08 ng/g) is the dominant perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs) in the soils. PFCs in surface water are mainly PFOA (4.8-29.6 ng/L), PFHxA (0.73-31.8 ng/L), PFOS (nd-7.1 ng/L), and PFBA (nd-6.1 ng/L). PFOA (nd-176 ng/L), PFHxA (nd-50.1 ng/L), and PFBA (0.08-16.1 ng/L) are the dominant PFCs in groundwater. PFCs in soil and groundwater decrease from south to north. Two main sources of PFCs are domestic sewer and atmospheric precipitations, of which atmospheric precipitations have a greater contribution.