地壳内的岩浆动力学过程及其资源与环境效应SCIEI北大核心CSCD

岩浆是将地球内部物质传送到表层系统的主要载体,并造成显著的资源聚集和环境效应。岩浆动力学是研究岩浆的迁移、储存、演化、就位以及喷发过程,侧重物理机制。这些岩浆过程主要发生在岩浆通道系统中,包括岩浆储库和岩浆管道。本文对目前国际岩浆动力学领域一些热点和前沿进行了介绍,这包括从岩浆房到岩浆储库概念的转变、岩浆储库的生长和动力学演化过程、岩浆过程的时间尺度以及岩浆中晶体的生长。然后阐述了岩浆中挥发分的种类和溶解度、获取天然岩浆挥发分含量的方法、一些典型镁铁质岩浆中的挥发分含量、岩浆去气的化学和物理机制,并简要梳理了热液金属矿床的形成过程和岩浆挥发分进入地表圈层系统引发的环境气候效应。最后列举了一些岩浆动力学有关的重要科学问题并建议了进一步的研究方向。

Magma dynamics in the crust and its resource and environmental effects

Magma transfers materials from the Earth''s interior into the surface that results in significant environmental effects and ore deposit formation. Magma dynamics addresses the research fields of magma transfer, storage, evolution, emplacement and eruption processes, mainly emphasizing physical mechanisms. These magmatic processes occur within magma plumbing systems that contain magma reservoirs and conduits. This review introduces certain hot topics concerning magma dynamics, including the transition from magma chamber to magma reservoir in concept, the growth of magma reservoir, the timescales of magmatic processes and the growth of magmatic crystals. We also reviewed volatile species and solubilities in magmas, methods for estimating magmatic volatile contents, volatile contents of certain typical mafic magmas, chemical and physical controls on magma degassing, and then briefly discussed the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits and the environmental effects of magma dynamics. Finally, we suggest certain important scientific questions and future work concerning magma dynamics.