河北承德丹霞地貌国家地质公园地质遗迹景观及其旅游地学意义

地质遗迹的保护和利用是地质公园建设与发展的核心。河北省承德丹霞地貌国家地质公园是以丹霞地貌景观为主,集地质构造、古生物、河流、热泉景观为一体的综合性地质公园。漫长的地质演化及承德盆地特殊的构造和自然地理位置使公园内地质遗迹类型多样、发育典型,多重要构造、地貌及地层记录。丹霞地貌是由中国学者提出来的一种独立地貌类型,公园内以承德砾岩为主要构景层的丹霞地貌演化阶段完整,露头规模较大,形态多样奇特,在我国北方罕见且较典型,在地学研究、科普教育方面有着重要科学内涵。公园的建立及园内丹霞地貌区特有小环境形成的沟谷效应为生态研究与保护提供了条件。同时,研究区内众多地质遗迹所形成的自然景观极具观赏与美学价值,对承德旅游开发与规划独具意义。

Geoheritage Landscapes and Tourism Earth Sciences Significance of the Danxia Landform National Geopark in Chengde, Hebei Province

The Danxia landform which was firstly named by Chinese geologists is a special landform type formed by reddish sandstone and faults. The Danxia Landform National Geopark in Chengde of Hebei Province is formally awarded the qualification of a national geopark in October, 2011. More and more geoparks have been rapidly set up in these years in China for protecting and utilizing the geoheritages. The Danxia landform has varied kinds of geoheritages and was formed as a result of prolonged geological processes in North China. As it covers almost all geomorphologic evolution stages, it is typical representative geoscience scenery and can play an important role in dissemination of knowledge of earth sciences. Moreover, many marvelous landscapes have high aesthetic value and are resources for science-based tourism, which mainly include peak and stone, cliff and canyon, rock cave and natural bridge. Apart from Danxia landform, the major geoheritages include stratigraphic section, paleobiology and scenic rivers. All of them have great scientific significance for the study of global tectonic change and ecological succession.