中国全球变化研究的回顾与展望

文中简要回顾了中国全球变化研究的历史 ,指出 ,1986— 1990年是中国国际地圈生物圈计划(IGBP)研究的初期 ,围绕IGBP主要科学问题如古环境、气候和海平面变化以及地气相互作用方面开展了有计划、有组织的研究。1991— 1995年中国全球变化研究有了较大发展 ,研究范围扩展到陆地生态系统 ,全球气候变化预测、影响和对策 ,中国生存环境变化以及生物多样性保护和持续利用等领域。1996— 2 0 0 0年其研究进一步与社会可持续发展相结合 ,成功实施了一批以中国科学家领衔的国际研究计划。随着新世纪的来临 ,中国一系列全球变化大型研究计划相继启动 ,使全球变化研究进入了一个新的发展阶段 ,特别是集成研究方法的应用 ,在解决与公众利益密切相关的由环境恶化所带来的一系列重大问题 ,组织全球变化的区域响应以及全球变化适应性等研究方面得到了深化和加强。

REVIEW AND PROSPECT OF GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH IN CHINA

Global change is a new research field in the late 20th century. The author briefly reviews the history of global change research in China, which may be divided into three stages: (1) Initial stage(1986—1990), in which a few important scientific issues of IGBP such as paleo-environment, climate and sea level change and land-air interaction were studied;(2) Developing stage(1991—1995), in which the research fields were extended to terrestrial ecosystem, global climate change prediction, effect and policy, China environmental change and diversity, and sustainable utilization and so on; (3) Rapidly development stage (1996—2000) in which the global change studies had been combined with social sustainable development and many international projects led by Chinese scientists had been put into effect. Moreover, the prospects of the studies on global change in the early 21st century are also made, which put forward that the research on regional response and adaptation of global change using synthesis will be deepened and strengthened.