论油气成藏与金属成矿的关系及综合勘探

从油气藏及金属矿藏的来源、运移、成藏/成矿等方面对油气成藏和金属成矿之间的关系进行了论述,指出油气藏和沉积金属矿藏均来自于相同的烃源岩/矿源层。一些金属(铀、黄铁矿等)的存在,有可能对有机质向烃类的转化起到了积极的催化作用,而烃类中的有机酸对金属元素具有溶解、螯合作用,有利于金属元素随烃类和成矿流体的析出。烃类和成矿流体在水-油-岩共存体系,在近乎相同的运移机制和路径中,能够一起溶解、萃取其路径上的金属元素,有利于金属元素的运移。油气与成矿流体可以在圈闭中聚集、成藏或者由于物理化学条件的变化,金属矿物独立沉淀成矿。油气与金属的成藏/成矿在时间和空间上也具有某些相似性。因此油气成藏和金属成矿具有非常密切的关系,有利于对二者进行综合勘探和利用,具有非常重要的现实意义。

The relationship between hydrocarbon accumulation and metallization and a discussion on intergrated exploration

In this article,the relationship between hydrocarbon accumulation and metallization is expounded considering the resource,movement,accumulation/mineralization,etc.We point out that the oil-gas reservoirs and the depositional metal deposits are formed from the identical hydrocarbon/metal source rocks;that some metals(such as uranium,pyrite,etc.) may act as catalyses in the transformation of organic material into hydrocarbons,and the organic acid of the hydrocarbons may dissolve and chelate metal elements,facilitating the metal elements separated out from hydrocarbon fluid and mineralizing fluid.In the coexistent system of water-oil-rock,the hydrocarbon fluid and mineralizing fluid may dissolve and extract some metal elements in their paths of movement with quite similar mechanisms.Hydrocarbon fluid and mineralizing fluid may be accumulated in a trap forming a reservoir,or because of the change of the physical chemical conditions,the metallic minerals may precipitate and be metallized alone.The accumulation of hydrocarbon and metal has some similarties in time and space too.Therefore,hydrocarbon accumulation and metallization have very intimate relationship,and the integrated exploration for them is of great practical significance.