我国海洋科学发展现状与未来展望

海洋是生命的摇篮、资源的宝库和国家安全的屏障,是未来人类可持续发展的重要战略空间。到目前为止,广袤深邃的海洋只有5%的区域被人类探索,加快海洋科技创新、提高海洋资源开发能力、保护海洋生态环境是实现“关心海洋、认识海洋、经略海洋”的根本,事关国家发展的命脉。海洋问题的复杂性使其无法通过单一学科的研究得以解决。目前,我国海洋科学的研究已逐步从过去的跟跑阶段进入并跑阶段,但原始创新能力明显不足。本文回顾分析了我国海洋科学领域的研究进展与发展态势,对标找出与世界先进国家的差距,展望了今后的发展方向,指出围绕海洋多尺度相互作用与气候变化、健康海洋、海洋生命过程、跨圈层流固耦合、快速变化的极地系统、海岸带可持续发展等重大科学前沿,加强顶层设计和战略布局,开展跨尺度、跨圈层的多学科交叉研究,组织并发起我国主导的国际大科学计划,从而显著提升我国在海洋科学研究领域的国际影响力,切实提高保障国家安全和服务社会经济发展需求的能力,为建设海洋强国、构建人类命运共同体提供重要科技支撑。

Marine science in China: Current status and future outlooks

Oceans as the cradle of life, the treasure trove of resources, and the protective barrier for national security play an important strategic role in the future sustainable development of mankind. Until now only 5% of oceans have been explored. For the national development it is vital to accelerate the marine science and technology innovation, improve the marine resources exploration capability, and protect the marine ecological environment. However, due to its inherent complexity, the “ocean problem” cannot be solved within a single discipline. Presently marine study in China is gradually catching up with the world, yet research originality is still lacking. This paper reviews the domestic marine research progresses and trends, points out the gaps between China and advanced countries, and proposes future directions. Focusing on the major scientific frontiers e.g., multiscale inter-ocean interaction, climate change, healthy ocean, marine life cycle, cross-sphere fluid-solid interaction, rapid changing polar system, and sustainable development of coastal zone-this paper proposes that China should strengthen its top-level design and strategic planning, carries out cross-scale, cross-sphere interdisciplinary research, and pursues leadership roles in major international scientific programs. These efforts are essential to enhancing China's influence in international marine research, effectively improving its national security capability, supporting its socioeconomic development, and providing scientific and technological support in achieving maritime power and building a global community with a shared future.