新疆东天山南缘富钾硝酸盐盐湖成矿带地质特征及资源潜力

新疆东部是中国主要的盐类矿床聚集区，在东天山南缘形成了巨大的富钾硝酸盐盐湖成矿带。文章在系统总结东天山南缘富钾硝酸盐成矿带地质特征、成矿条件特征和晶间卤水特征的基础上，分析了富钾硝酸盐矿床成矿的地质条件、物质来源和气候因素，以及已有矿床的资源状况和资源潜力，指出富钾硝酸盐矿床是一种特殊类型的盐类矿床，特殊的构造条件是该类矿床物质来源和成矿作用发生的重要因素，晶间卤水和层间、裂隙卤水具有较大的资源潜力。加强该区富钾硝酸盐矿床的研究和勘查评价工作，不仅可以丰富中国陆相盐类矿床成盐理论，而且可以为罗布泊钾盐基地提供后续资源保障，同时也有利于新疆新型钾、氮肥工业基地的建立。

Geological characteristics and resource potential of K-rich nitrate salt lake minerogenetic belt in southern margin of East Tianshan, Xinjiang

The main minerogenetic province of salt deposits occurs in eastern Xinjiang, where a gigantic minerogenetic belt of K-rich nitrate salt lakes lies in the southern margin of East Tianshan. In this paper, geological, ore-forming and chemical characteristics of the intercrystalline brine minerogenetic belt of K-rich nitrate in the southern margin of East Tianshan are summarized, geological and climatic factors, sources of mineral-forming elements and resource status are analyzed, and some prospecting suggestions concerning the potential resources are put forward. The K-rich nitrate deposits, a special kind of ore deposits, were formed under a particular structural condition, which seems to be an important factor for salt source and minerogenetic process. The intercrystalline brines, interstratal brines and fissure brines constitute considerable potential resources. Thus, the study and exploration of this type of ore deposits in the southern margin of East Tianshan can not only enrich the theories of continental salt lake deposits but also provide resource support for the Lop Nur potassic salt base area. It is suggested that a new kind of potassic and nitrogenous fertilizer base should be set up in Xinjiang.