湖南省金和有色金属矿床成矿系列初论

湖南省内生金属矿产资源颇为丰富。钨、锡、铅、锌、锑为省内优势矿种；稀土、稀有、金、银、铜、汞也占有十分重要的地位。按照成矿过程中的主导地质作用，省内金和有色金属矿床可以划分为五个矿订成矿系列。本文对各矿床成矿系列的形成地质背景、产出构造条件、赋矿围岩、矿床类型进行了总结；并对其时空展布规律进行了讨论。

A preliminary discussion on metallogenic series of gold and nonferrous metallic deposits in Hunan Province

There are very abundant gold and nonferrous metallic ore resources in Hunan,whichtungsten, tin,lead-zinc and antimony are main ore resources,and gold,silver,copper,mercuryand rare metals also occupy an important position. In the light of main geological activity in theore-forming process,this paper has classified these ore resources into five metallogenic series,with a discussion given concerning their geological setting, ore-forming process,and temporal-spatial distribution.(1)Tungsten-antimony-gold metallogenic series in Precambrian epimetamor-phic rocks:ore deposits of this series are distrbiuted in Xuefengian arcuate tectonic belt andnortheastern Hunan on the southern margin of Yangtze platform(plate);host rocks are Middle-Late Proterozoic epimetamorphic clastic rocks;ore-forming fluids include metamorphic hy-drothermal solution and deep-circulating hot fluid; mineralization lasted from Xuefengian periodto Yanshanian period,with the principal ore-forming period being Indosinian-Yanshanian.(2)Lead-zinc-mercury metallogenic series in Sinian carbonate rock:ore deposits are distributed innorthwestern Hunan area belonging to Yangtze platform(plate);ore-forming fluids are deep-cir-culating underground hot solutions;metallogenic periods are lndosinian-Yanshanian.(3)Lead-zinc- gold- antimony metallogenic series in Devonian clastic rock-carbonate rock association:oredeposits are mainly scattered in central Hunan area belonging to South China platform(plate);ore-forming fluids are mainly deep-circulating underground hot solutions;mineralization tookplace in Indosinian-Yanshanian,(4)Copper and lead-zinc gold silver metallogenic series related toYanshanian hypabyasal-superhypabyssal crust-mantle mixed rocks and intermediate-acid intru-sive rocks:ore deposits are distributed in a NNE-trending banded area southeast of Changshoujie-Shuangpai deep fault and nort hwest of Chaling-Linwu deep fault;mineralization is geneticallyclosely related to the development of Mesozoic intraplated rift and the formation of hot mantleplume;ore-forming fluids are mainly magmatic hydrothermal solutions;mineralization took placein Yanshanian period.(5)Tungsten-tin-lead-zinc-silver-RE-REE metallogenic series:ore de-posits are spread in south China area belonging to South China platform(plate);mineralization isgenetically closely related to Mesozoic intraplate thrusting,interlayer-gliding and decollement aswell as the existence of mantle hot spots;ore-forming process mainly occurred in Yanshanian pe-riod. Though distributed in different areas of Hunan Province and characterized by different geo-logical settings and ore-forming processes,these five metallogenic series all have Indosinian-Yan-shanian period. as the principal ore-forming period,and this must have had to do with thestrongest tectonomagmatic thermal event in geological history that tcok place in Indosinian-Yan-shanian period. The summarization and classification of metallogenic series will contribute tosumming up regional metallogenic regularity and carrying out ore prognosis in Hunan Province.