水环境汞污染及其毒理反应系统的研究进展

论述了水环境汞污染的来源,并着重讨论了汞的甲基化及其相反过程——脱甲基化作用。研究表明,一些细菌及真菌均可在无机汞污染的环境介质,如沉积物中使甲基汞降解或使无机汞甲基化,且使其间得到某种平衡。天然水的有效水质管理需要建立受各种环境影响的定量预测模型。我国的研究表明,不但家禽和人,而且鱼的甲基汞污染也主要通过食物链富集。并对甲基汞对鱼和人的毒理效应进行了论述。

Advances of Studies on Mercury Pollution in Aquatic Environment and Its Toxicological Response System

This review describes the occurrence of mercury pollution in aquatic environment.Much of the review discusses studies of mercury methylation and the opposite process-demethylation.By means of selection of mercury-resistant bacteria or fungi,it shows that equilibrium can be attained between the degradation and synthesis of methyl mercury in mineral mercuny polluted media,such as sediments.Effective water quality management of mercury contaminated natural waters necessitates quantitative models that can predict mercury transformations under various environmental factors.It emphasises that the accumulation of mercury and metyl mercury along food chain is most important polluted way for fish,poultry and human.The toxico logical effects of methyl mercury to fish and humen are also discussed.