乌鲁木齐河流域的水资源及其转化模型

根据我国西北干旱内陆流域水资源形成、转化规律和水资源利用实际情况,利用乌鲁木齐河流域较为丰富的地表水和地下水资料,并结合流域水文地质条件,研制了乌鲁木齐河流域水资源转化模拟和计算模型。模拟和计算结果表明,乌鲁木齐河流域现状实际引水量和净用水量,已经大大超过现有水利条件下的最大可能引水量和净用水量,其中净用水量甚至超过了流域的水资源总量,水资源开发利用明显过度。在现有情况下,再采用提高渠系利用率方法增加可用水量,效果甚微,只能通过节水途径,提高水的利用率,去建立新的水资源供需平衡。

Water Resources and Their Transformation Model in Urumqi River Basin

According to the formation,the transformation regularity and the use of water resources in the arid area of Northwest China,a water resources transformation model in the Urumqi River basin is developed by using the plentiful information of surface and ground water,and the geohydrologic condition.The results of the model show that the actual water withdrawal and net water usage exceed the maximum and net water usage at the present condition respectively. Moreover,the net water usage even surpasses the total water resources.The water resources are overexploited obviously.thus,it is ineffective to increase the potential water usage by further improving the utilization rate of canal system at the present situation.A promising way is to set up a new water balance between supply and demand only by means of saving water and increasing the utilization rate of water.