南极沿岸固定冰观测与研究述评

南极固定冰的变化能够直接反映南极的局地气候变率,因此是数值模式验证的理想载体,对固定冰的观测研究结论也能用于评估南极海冰的年际变化。现今国际上对南极固定冰的观测和研究日渐丰富和深入,并逐渐形成了由多个国家参加的联合观测网。就海冰厚度、冰芯结构、表面辐射收支等现场测量和相机、卫星等遥感观测方面,总结了目前国内外南极固定冰观测的技术手段和研究进展,并分析了不同空间尺度上的南极固定冰年际变化特征。对南极固定冰观测研究目前存在的问题和未来的发展方向进行了探讨。

Review of antarctic landfast sea ice observations

Variations of Antarctic landfast sea ice are not only a direct indicator of Antarctic climate change at a local scale, but also an ideal parameter for climate model evaluation. Additionally, observational analysis of Antarctic landfast sea ice is useful for the assessment of inter-annual variability of the Antarctic sea ice. There have been increasing international efforts on the observation and research of the Antarctic landfast sea ice for the past few decades, which lead to a coordinated Antarctic landfast sea ice observation network. This paper provides a review of advances in the Antarctic landfast sea ice observations from the following perspectives, in-situ measurements of mass balance, ice core structure, surface radiation budget, the digital photography, and satellite remote sensing. Inter-annual variability of the Antarctic landfast sea ice on the different spatial scales is summarized. Also, the existing issues and the future research directions of the Antarctic landfast sea ice observation are discussed.