河流型水库垂向二维水沙数学模型

在垂向二维水动力模型的基础上,叠加了泥沙模型,建立了垂向二维泥沙模型,该模型的主要特点是水动力模型采用斜压模式,可以模拟由于水库水温度分布时空变化对其水动力结构及泥沙沉降速度的影响;泥沙模型采用分步法求解,简化了计算;独立求解粘性泥沙及非粘性泥沙的沉降速度及水土界面交换通量;运用经验公式估算泥沙及水动力模型参数,弥补了资料不足的缺点。最后运用实测资料对所建泥沙模型进行了有效性验证,结果表明:悬沙模拟值与实测值相对误差较小,时空分布特征相似;同时,模型能较为准确反映由于水库出入流引起的库首与库尾水温及泥沙分布特征。

Vertical 2-D water-sediment transport numerical model for a river-style reservoir

Based on the vertical 2-D hydrodynamic model and the sediment model,this paper presents a 2-D sediment model.The main characteristics of this model are follows:the hydrodynamic model is an oblique press model so that it can reflect the influence of water temperature on hydrodynamics and suspending sediment.The numerical solution to the sediment equation uses a fractional step procedure so that it can simplify the elution process.The cohesive sediment and the non-cohesive sediment are simulated by the different methods.Mme empirical formulas are used to calculate the model parameters under the condition that little field data would be available.Rnally,the application of this model is studied according to the field data, and the results indicate that the relative errors of the simulating value and the field value of suspending sediment are small and their space-time distribution characteristic are similar to each other.At the same time,this rmdel can simulate the distribution characteristics of the temperature and the sediment which are accurately controlled by the outflow and inflow in the head and trail of a reservoir.