山东省尾矿库遥感调查与环境影响分析

矿山尾矿库存在巨大的潜在危害,是不可轻视的环境风险源。为实现对山东省尾矿库的遥感监测与分析,利用我国遥感14号、24号、5号和高分2号等卫星高分辨率遥感图像,对全省矿山尾矿库进行全面的遥感解译,摸清了现有尾矿库的类型、数量、位置、规模及使用状态。截至2015年12月,山东省共有尾矿库585座,以铁矿和金矿尾矿库为主,主要集中在胶东地区(烟台、青岛和威海),经野外实地验证,遥感调查结果全部正确; 从尾矿库占用和破坏土地、尾矿废水污染、粉尘污染以及地质灾害隐患等方面分析了尾矿库对环境的影响,建议相关部门予以高度重视,及时排查尾矿库的隐患。

Remote sensing investigation and environmental impact analysis of tailing ponds in Shandong Province

The mine tailing pond is a huge environmental risk source with great potential danger. In order to realize remote sensing monitoring and analysis of the tailing ponds in Shandong Province, the authors carried out remote sensing interpretation of the tailing ponds by high resolution remote sensing images of the remote sensing satellite No.14 , No.24, No.5 and GF-2. The types, quantity, locations, size and using status of the existing tailing ponds in Shandong Province were found out. Until December 2015, there were 585 tailing ponds in Shandong Province, mostly iron and gold ore tailing ponds, and these tailing ponds were mainly located in the Jiaodong area(Yantai, Qingdao and Weihai). The field investigation and verification results show that the remote sensing investigation results were correct. The impacts of tailing ponds on environment were analyzed from land occupation and destruction, waste water pollution, dust pollution, potential geological hazards, etc. It is suggested that the relevant departments pay great attention and check the potential hazads of the tailing ponds in time.