基于海洋机器人的科学观测与实验系统研究现状与展望

海洋机器人具有观测范围大、作业灵活、机动性好、可控性强等突出优点，在海洋科学观测与海洋科学实验中发挥了重要作用，促进了物理海洋和海洋生物地球化学的发展。为阐明海洋机器人在海洋科学观测和实验中的应用情况，以水下滑翔机、自主水下机器人（Autonomous Underwater Vehicle,AUV）和无人帆船3种典型的观测型海洋机器人为例介绍了海洋机器人在海洋科学观测中的应用现状；以原位采样与固定、原位培养与分析海洋机器人为例介绍了海洋机器人在海洋科学实验中的应用现状；最后结合未来海洋科学研究需求，从需求牵引的角度对基于机器人的科学观测与实验系统的发展趋势进行了展望。

Research Status and Prospect of Marine Scientific Observation and Experiment System Based on Marine Robotics

Marine robots with their large observation range, mobility, flexible, strong controllability and other advantages, has been widely applied in marine scientific observation and marine science experiment, and promotes the development of physical ocean and marine biogeochemistry. In order to clarify the application of marine robots in marine scientific observation and experiment, take three typical representatives observation marine robots, autonomous underwater glider, autonomous underwater vehicle and autonomous sailboat as examples introduced the application of marine robotics in marine scientific observation. Take robotic in-situ sampling and fixation, in-situ culture and analysis as examples introduced the robotic marine scientific experiment. Combined with the future marine scientific needs, the development trend of robotic marine science observation and experiment system is prospected from the perspective of requirement guides.