短蛸对不同生物饵料利用的比较

为比较短蛸（Octopus ocellatus）对不同生物饵料的利用效果，以南美白对虾、肉球近方蟹、菲律宾蛤仔和玉筋鱼四种饵料进行了饲喂实验。结果表明：1）肉球近方蟹组短蛸增重率显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），南美白对虾组脏体比显著高于玉筋鱼组（P<0.05），各饵料组肝体比无显著差异；2）南美白对虾组和肉球近方蟹组短蛸肌肉的蛋白质含量显著高于菲律宾蛤仔组和玉筋鱼组（P<0.05），肉球近方蟹组脂肪含量显著高于其余各组（P<0.05），玉筋鱼组灰分含量显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）；3）南美白对虾组短蛸肝胰腺谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于其余各组（P<0.05），肉球近方蟹组谷草转氨酶活性显著高于其余各组（P<0.05），玉筋鱼组谷氨酸脱氢酶活性显著低于其余各组（P<0.05），菲律宾蛤仔组酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于其余各组（P<0.05），玉筋鱼组胃蛋白酶活性显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。综上，投喂肉球近方蟹可以显著提高短蛸的增重率；不同饵料对短蛸肌肉的蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量有影响，对其肝胰腺功能和胃蛋白酶活性也有显著影响。

A comparative study of the influence of different natural diets on the growth and biochemical composition of Octopus ocellatus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)

The influence of diet on the growth, muscle composition, and enzymatic activity of Octopus ocellatus was investigated. In the 30-day feeding trial, four experimental dietary groups of O. ocellatus with initial body weight of (58.2±1.49) g were established. Group I was fed Penaeus vannamei, group II was fed Hemigrapsus sanguineus, group III was fed Ruditapes philippinarum, and group IV was fed Ammodytes personatus. Each diet was supplied thrice a day to the four O. ocellatus dietary groups that comprised 10 octopuses each. The results showed that the growth rate of O. ocellatus in the H. sanguineus group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), and the viscerosomatic index in the P. vannamei group was significantly higher than that in the A. personatus group (P<0.05). The feeding regimen had no significant effect on the hepatosomatic index among the dietary groups. Significantly higher levels of crude protein were observed in the muscle of O. ocellatus in groups fed on P. vannamei and H. sanguineus as compared to those fed on R. philippinarum and A. personatus (P<0.05). The crude lipid content in the O. ocellatus muscle was significantly higher in the H. sanguineus dietary group as compared to the others (P<0.05). The results showed that the activities of glutamic pyruvictransaminase in the hepatopancreas of the dietary group fed with P. vannamei were significantly higher compared to that in the other groups (P<0.05). The activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase of the hepatopancreas was significantly higher in the H. sanguineus dietary group as compared to that in the other groups (P<0.05). The activity of glutamate dehydrogenase in the hepatopancreas was not significantly different in the P. vannamei, H. sanguineus, and R. philippinarum dietary groups (P>0.05); however, the activity levels in these three groups were significantly higher than that observed in the A. personatus dietary group (P<0.05). The acid phosphatase activity in the R. philippinarum dietary group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). Pepsin activity was significantly lower in the H. sanguineus dietary group than in the other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study reveal that a diet of H. sanguineus significantly increases the growth rate of O. ocellatus. Different diets had significantly varied effects on the muscle protein, lipid, and ash content, hepatopancreas function, and pepsin activity in O. ocellatus.