大叶藻移植方法的研究

为探索适宜的大叶藻(Zostera marina)移植修复方法,2008年10～11月,利用沉子法、枚钉法、直插法、夹苗法和整理箱法,在山东荣成俚岛近岸海域进行了大叶藻移植试验,监测了移植后1个月内大叶藻的生长、存活与渗透压的变化,比较了天然大叶藻和移植大叶藻之间的差异,并分析了移植海区主要环境因子与大叶藻生长与存活之间的关系。结果显示,5种移植方法大叶藻的平均存活率为沉子法(100%)>枚钉法(86.7%)>直插法(66.7%)>夹苗法(20%)>整理箱法(0%);移植大叶藻的平均绝对生长率为沉子法(0.358 cm/d)>直插法(0.242 cm/d)>对照组(0.211 cm/d)>枚钉法(0.083 cm/d)>夹苗法(0.067 cm/d);与天然大叶藻相比,移植后大叶藻根的渗透压显著升高,而茎和叶的渗透压则显著降低(P<0.01);移植后大叶藻的生长与存活和移植海区水流、光照、底质等主要环境因子显著相关。研究结果为研发适宜的低成本大叶藻受损生物群落生态修复技术提供了参考。

Study on transplant methods of eelgrass (Zostera marina)

To find feasible and optimal method of transplant and restoration for eelgrass Zostera marina, eelgrass were transplanted using methods of rock planting, staple, free planting, root gripping and box planting in the inshore areas of Lidao Town of Rongcheng City from October to November in 2008. The changes of growth, survival and osmotic pressure between nature and transplanting eelgrass were compared during one month after transplantation. The correlation between the growth and survival of transplanting eelgrass and environmental factors was analyzed. The results in the present study showed that the survival rate of transplanting eelgrass was as follows: rock planting (100%) > staple (86.7%) > free planting (66.7%) > root gripping (20%) > box planting (0%). The average absolute growth rate of transplanting eelgrass was as follows: rock planting (0.358 cm/d) > free planting (0.242 cm/d) > control (0.211 cm/d) > staple (0.083 cm/d) > root gripping (0.067 cm/d). The osmotic pressure of transplanting eelgrass roots was significantly higher than that of nature eelgrass roots, however, the osmotic pressure of rhizomes and leaves showed opposite changes (P<0.01). There was a remarkable correlation between growth and survival of transplanting eelgrass and environmental factors such as flow velocity, light intensity, sediment and so on. These findings have provided valuable data for developing feasible and low-cost transplant and restoration technologies for injured Z. marina biome.