基于MODIS与HJ-1多源卫星的上海海域溢油事故诊断

随着上海港海上运输业和石油产业链的日趋发达,海上溢油事故风险也随之加剧。本文就2012年发生在上海海域吴淞口和九段沙附近的2起重大溢油事故,基于美国NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)中等分辨率MODIS(Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)与国产"环境一号"卫星HJ-1的多源卫星数据,对溢油信息进行对比,通过对油水敏感通道进行波段比值运算,突出油膜与背景海水的光谱反射率差异,再结合重柴油光谱特征,利用图像分割的阈值确定法,从疑似溢油区域中有效提取溢油信息,实现溢油区域定位、溢油面积和溢油量的诊断,为事发后海域应急响应工作提供基础性分析依据。

Diagnosis of oil spills in Shanghai coastal area based on multi-source satellite MODIS and HJ-1

With the rapid development of shipping and oil industry chain of Shanghai Port, the risk of marine oil spills is increasing. In this paper, the information of the two major oil spill accidents, occurred near Wusong and Jiuduansha of Shanghai sea area in 2012, was analyzed by using the multi-satellite data based on the medium resolution MODIS of ESA and HJ-1 domestic environment satellite. By applying ratio operation between oil-water sensitive channel bands, the difference between spectral reflectance of film and background water was emphasized. Then, threshold determination method based on image segmentation was used, combined with the spectrum characteristic of heavy diesel oil, and the oil spills information was effectively extracted from the suspected oil films area. Taken together, the oil spills location, area and quantity were diagnosed to provide the fundamental analysis data for emergency response work.