沿海市区近地面大气层风、温、湿湍流特征的观测和分析

用三向风速仪和高灵敏温湿度脉动观测装置,测量沿海城市上空大气表面层风速、温度和湿度脉动。并用涡动相关法计算了大气表面层动量、热量和水汽湍流通量,给出了复杂地形上各物理量的谱特征,讨论了各湍流通量的特性。结果指出,风速、温度和湿度谱密度分布基本上都服从—5/3律。由于建筑物的影响,在f≥0.2Hz频段内拢动能量明显偏大。动量和热量输送主要由f<0.2Hz的扰动完成的,高频扰动的贡献可以忽略不计。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TURBULENCE OF WIND, TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY OVER THE COMPLICATED BUILDINGS OF THE CITY

Using the propeller anemometer and fine wire thermo-couples, the turbulence of 3-dimension wind velocity, temperature and humidity were measured, and using the eddy correlation method, the momentum, heat flux and moisture flux were calculated. The results show that the spectra of the 3-dimension wind velocity, temperature and humidity all obeyed the -5/3 Law except the turbulence with frequency f>0. 2 Hz, in which the turbulent energy was larger than normal obviously, and the momentum and heat flux were mainly completed by the turbulence with f<0.2 Hz.