广西北海营盘海域钝缀锦蛤(Tapes conspersus)卵巢发育、卵子和卵黄发生的研究

文章采用组织切片、透射电镜技术对广西北海营盘海域钝缀锦蛤(Tapes conspersus)的卵巢发育、卵子发生的组织学及卵黄发生的超微结构进行研究。结果显示, 钝缀锦蛤卵巢发育一年为一个繁殖周期, 分为增殖期(6月底—7月)、生长期(7月中旬—10月中旬)、成熟期(11月—翌年2月底)、排放期(3月—4月)、休止期(5月—6月)共5个时期。钝缀锦蛤卵巢发育受水温的影响较大, 个体间的性腺发育并不完全同步。在广西北海营盘海域, 钝缀锦蛤每年在6月底—7月初性腺开始发育, 在翌年3月—4月底成熟的卵子大量排放。依据钝缀锦蛤卵细胞发育的相关特点, 可将其划分为4个主要阶段, 第一阶段为卵原细胞期, 第二阶段为初级卵母细胞期, 第三阶段为次级卵母细胞期, 第四阶段为成熟卵母细胞期。根据透射电镜观察钝缀锦蛤卵黄的发生, 可将其分为3个主要时期, 第一时期为卵黄合成前期, 第二时期为卵黄合成期, 第三时期为卵黄合成后期。

Ovarian development,histology of oogenesis and yolk formation of Tapes conspersus from the Beihai Yingpan,Guangxi

The ovary development, oogenesis histology and ultrastructure of vitellogenesis of Tapes conspersus from the Beihai Yingpan, Guangxi were studied using tissue sectioning and transmission electron microscopy based on the samples taken from November 2020 to October 2021. The results showed that the ovary development of T. conspersus had a one-year cycle, consisting of the proliferating stage (from the end of June to July), the growth stage (from mid-July to mid-October), the maturing stage (from November to the end of February of the following year), and the spawning stage (from March to April) and the resting stage (from May to June). Ovary development is strongly affected by water temperature and seasons. Gonadal development among individuals is not completely synchronized. Gonads begin to develop in the proliferating stage each year, and a large number of mature eggs are discharged at the spawning stage. According to the characteristics of the oocyte cell development of T. conspersus, it can be divided into four stages: oogonium, primary oocyte, secondary oocytes and mature oocyte. Based on the observation of the occurrence of vitellogenesis of T. conspersus by transmission electron microscope, it can be divided into three periods: early period of vitellogenesis, period of vitellogenesis, and late period of vitellogenesis. The results of this study provide basic data for the reproduction biology and artificial breeding of the T. conspersus.