广西涠洲岛黄廯蜂巢珊瑚、肉质扁脑珊瑚的胚胎和幼虫的早期发育

研究造礁石珊瑚的有性繁殖来探索珊瑚礁的生态修复是近年来的热点。本文于2018年5月采集广西涠洲岛自然海域中的黄廯蜂巢珊瑚(Favia favus)和肉质扁脑珊瑚(Platygyra carnosus)至室内养殖,收集受精卵,观察和记录其胚胎和幼虫的早期发育过程。结果显示,黄廯蜂巢珊瑚和肉质扁脑珊瑚都是雌雄同体,体外受精,在月圆后5~8 d产卵;发育过程都经历卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期以及浮浪幼虫期;两者的卵母细胞都不含虫黄藻。本研究记录了涠洲岛造礁石珊瑚的有性繁殖行为,为进一步利用有性繁殖来进行珊瑚礁的生态修复提供了理论基础。

Embryonic and larval early development of Favia favus and Platygyra carnosus in the Weizhou Island, Guangxi

Sexual reproduction of hermatypic corals for coral reef restoration has become a hot topic in recent years. In May 2018, the samples of Favia favus and Platygyra carnosus were collected from the water of Weizhou Island, Guangxi. All of them were cultured in laboratory and the fertilized eggs were collected. The early development process of embryos and larvae was observed and recorded. The results showed that F.favus and P.carnosus were both hermaphrodites, in vitro fertilization, and began to spawn on the fifth to eighth day after the full moon; the early development of embryos and larvae experienced the cleavage stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage and planula stage; the oocytes of two corals did not have zooxanthella as they were ejected. This study records the sexual reproduction behavior of reef-building corals in Weizhou Island, and provides a theory when using sexual reproduction for coral ecological restoration in the future.