台风“利奇马”对山东省海阳市海滩演化过程的影响

通过无人机和滩面高程监测等技术手段，获取了1909号台风“利奇马”过境山东省海阳市前后的海滩监测数据，分析海滩在台风前后的整体形态和剖面冲淤变化，探讨了海滩演化对台风的响应规律。结果表明，台风过境后海滩整体形态以风成沙丘面积略有扩大、高?中潮带滩面发生下蚀和微地貌消失等现象为主。台风对海滩的影响以侵蚀为主，造成了约2.43×104 m3的侵蚀量，且主要发生在高潮带滩面；风成沙丘以弱淤积为主，但部分岸段发生严重冲蚀；后滨则受大风和冲越流携沙堆积后以弱淤积为主；中低潮带冲淤主要受其滩面坡度控制，表现为高坡度滩面冲蚀，低坡度滩面弱淤积，且台风过后形成多个小型水下沙坝。整体而言，台风“利奇马”对山东海阳海滩演化造成一定的影响，沉积物收支愈发亏损，进一步加重了海阳海滩的侵蚀程度。

Response process of the Haiyang Beach evolution to Typhoon Lekima in Shandong Province

By using the beach monitoring technologies such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and elevation monitoring equipment, the monitoring data of Haiyang beach before and after Typhoon Lekima (No.1909) were obtained, the morphology changes, erosion and accretion variation of beach profiles during Typhoon Lekima landing were analyzed, and the response of beach evolution to the typhoon was discussed. The result shows that beach morphology evolution after the typhoon is mainly including the expansion of the aeolian dune area, erosion of the beach surface in the high-middle tidal zone, micro-topography disappearance and so on. The typhoon mainly affected the beach by erosion, resulting in an erosion volume about 2.43×104 m3, which mainly occurred on the high tide zone. The aeolian dunes were weakly silted, but some of them were eroded seriously. The backshore was weakly silted because of sand deposition from strong wind and alluvial flow. In the middle and low tide zones, beach morphology changes were mainly controlled by the beach surfaces lope, which was manifested as erosion with high slope, weak deposition with low slope, and several small sandbanks formed after the typhoon. On the whole, the typhoon impacts on the beach evolution mainly lead to the sediment budget deficit, and further exacerbated the erosion of Haiyang beach.