简单海-气边界层模式中的埃克曼流动Ⅰ——无限深海的情形

近十余年来,海洋和大气相互作用这一课题日益受到人们的关注。从海-气边界层结构以及通过海面的物理量和化学量输送机制的研究到大尺度海洋和大气相互作用的研究都取得了可喜的成果。此外,还从海洋和大气相互作用的观点探索了风暴潮预报的新的可能途径2]。然而,由于问题的复杂性,通过海面以及海-气边界层的物理量的小尺度输送机制迄未得到澄清,企图从本质上改善大尺度海洋和大气相互作用的理论是不现实的。

A SIMPLE AIR-SEA PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER MODEL WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EKMAN CURRENTS Ⅰ——ON THE WINDS OVER SEA SURFACE AND THE OCEAN CURRENTS IN AN OCEAN OF INFINITE DEPTH

In this paper,special attention is paid to the analyses of the winds over sea surface and the currents in an ocean of infinite depth.With the aid of a simple air-sea planetary boundary layer model,the physically diagnostic analyses of the wind and the current profiles,the surface wind stress,the dissipation of energy and the Ekman pumping in the atmosphere as well as in the ocean under the actions of atmospheric large scale baroclinic disturbances are made in detail for an ocean of infinite depth.Strong emphasis is laid upon the effect of the atmospheric baroclinicity.Some theoretical results thus obtained is in agreement with the observations.