原油WSF对三种海洋鱼类肝微粒体EROD活性的诱导和恢复的比较

研究了实验室条件下原油水溶性组分(WSF)暴露对黑鲷、黄鳍鲷和褐菖鲉肝微粒体EROD活性的剂量-效应,时间-效应和恢复过程。实验结果表明,在剂量诱导实验中,褐菖鲉肝EROD活性在原油WSF浓度为50μg/dm3时呈现生物统计学上的显著差异,而黑鲷和黄鳍鲷肝EROD活性在75μg/dm3时才呈现生物统计学上的显著差异;褐菖鲉肝EROD活性诱导倍数最高,但黑鲷的诱导浓度范围较广。在时间诱导实验中,在40μg/dm3原油WSF暴露下黄鳍鲷肝EROD活性在2 d时首先呈现显著差异;三种鱼肝EROD活性均在第4天达到最高,并呈现显著性变化,此后随着暴露时间的延长而逐渐下降并接近对照组水平。在恢复实验中三种鱼肝EROD活性下降并恢复到对照组水平。研究结果表明:对于石油污染物,黑鲷、黄鳍鲷和褐菖鲉肝EROD活性都可以作为污染生化效应监测指标,然而就三种鱼类比较而言,褐菖鲉最敏感,更适合于作为石油类污染及其生化效应,尤其是低剂量效应的监测生物。

A comparison of the hepatic microsomal EROD activity in three species of marine fish exposed to crude oil WSF

The dose response, time-course induction and rehabilitation of hepatic microsomal EROD activity from Sparus macrocephalus、Sparus latus and Sebastiscus marmoratus were studied by crude oil water soluble fraction (WSF). The results show that in the dose-response experiments for 5 d, the hepatic EROD activity is significantly induced at the dose of 50 μg/dm3 WSF for Sebastiscus marmoratus and at the dose of 75 μg/dm3 WSF for both Sparus macrocephalus and Sparus latus; the induction of the hepatic EROD activity is the highest in Sebastiscus marmoratus, but has a wider concentration range in Sparus macrocephalus. In the time-course experiments exposure to 40 μg/dm3 WSF, the hepatic EROD activity of Sparus latus is significantly induced after 2 d of exposure; three species of fish hepatic EROD activities are significantly induced and reach a maximal level after the exposure of 4 d, then decreased and close to the control levels after 6 d of exposure. In the rehabilitation experiment, three species of fish hepatic EROD activities decrease and return to the control levels after 4 or 8 d of exposure. In general, the hepatic EROD activity from the above three species of fish can all be used for monitoring the oil pollution; However, for the comparison of the three species of fish, Sebastiscus marmoratus is more sensitive to the crude oil WSF and more suitable for monitoring marine environmental oil pollution and its biochemical effect, especially low-dose biochemical effect.