双齿围沙蚕对潮汐更替的行为响应

潮汐更替对潮间带生物的生理和行为影响显著，底内动物可以通过行为过程建立适宜的微环境适应潮间带环境变化。本实验运用行为学观测装置研究了双齿围沙蚕对潮汐更替的行为响应特征。实验设置3个温度梯度（15℃、20℃和25℃）和4个时间段（T1: 退潮前、T2: 退潮后、T3: 涨潮30 min内和T4: 涨潮30 min后），每个处理组设6个重复。结果显示，在同一时间段内，随着温度的升高，双齿围沙蚕的径向起伏频率、径向起伏泵水速率、轴向爬行速度和头尾对调次数呈增大的趋势，头尾对调一次的时间逐渐缩短。同一温度下，双齿围沙蚕在T3时间段内的径向起伏频率、轴向爬行速度、径向起伏泵水速率、径向起伏泵水效率、轴向爬行时间和头尾对调次数均高于其他时间段，头尾对调一次的时间均有短于其他时间段的趋势；T1和T4时间段内的所有运动指标均无显著差异（p>0.05）。20℃时，双齿围沙蚕在T3时间段比T1时间段的径向起伏频率和泵水速率的增幅均高于15℃和25℃时。同一时间段内，双齿围沙蚕径向起伏时间的最大值和轴向爬行时间的最小值均出现在20℃。15℃和20℃时，双齿围沙蚕在T1和T3时间段内的轴向爬行速度均无显著差异（p>0.05）。但是在25℃时，T3时间段内双齿围沙蚕的轴向爬行速度显著高于T1时间段（p<0.05）。结果表明，双齿围沙蚕的运动强度随温度升高而增强，在水温为20℃时，其在沉积物中的运动状态较佳。退潮后双齿围沙蚕轴向爬行运动较为缓慢；刚涨潮时，双齿围沙蚕的运动强度显著增加；涨潮30 min后，双齿围沙蚕的运动逐渐恢复到与退潮前相近的状态。双齿围沙蚕可以通过一系列运动行为应对潮汐更替产生的不利条件。

Behavioral response to tidal replacement of Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube

Tidal replacement has a significant impact on the physiology and behavior of intertidal organisms. Infauna can establish a suitable microenvironment to adapt to intertidal environment through the behavioral process. In this experiment, the behavioral response of Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube to tidal alternation were studied by behavioral observation device. Three temperature grades (15℃, 20℃ and 25℃) and four time periods (T1: before ebb tide, T2: after ebb tide, T3: within 30 minutes after rising tide and T4: 30 minutes after rising tide) were set up for the experiment, with six replications for each experimental group. The results showed that at the same time period, the radial undulation frequency, radial undulation pumping rate, axial crawling velocity and the frequency of head-tail exchange of P. aibuhitensis Grube tended to increase with the increase of temperature, while the time of head-tail exchange tended to decrease. At the same temperature, the radial undulation frequency, axial crawling velocity, radial undulation pumping rate, radial undulation pumping efficiency, axial crawling time and the frequency of head-tail exchange of P. aibuhitensis Grube in T3 were higher than those of other time periods, while the time of one head-tail exchange was lower. There was no significant difference in all behavioral indexes between T1 and T4 (p>0.05). At 20℃, the radial undulation frequency and pumping rate of P. aibuhitensis Grube in T3 were higher than T1. At the same time period, the radial undulation time and axial crawling time of P. aibuhitensis Grube were at the maximum and minimum at 20℃, respectively. There was no significant difference in axial crawling velocity of P. aibuhitensis Grube at 15℃ and 20℃ in T1 and T3. However, at 25℃, the axial crawling velocity in T3 was significantly higher than T1 (p<0.05). The results indicate that the motion intensity of P. aibuhitensis Grube increased with the increase of temperature. The motion state of P. aibuhitensis Grube was better at 20℃. After ebb tide, it is an important time for P. aibuhitensis Grube to forage for sediment, and its axial crawling motion is relatively slow. At the beginning of the rising tide, the motion intensity of P. aibuhitensis Grube increased significantly. 30 minutes after the rising tide, the motion of P. aibuhitensis Grube gradually returns to a state similar to that before the ebb tide. P. aibuhitensis Grube can deal with the adverse effects of tidal replacement through a series of behaviors.