栉孔扇贝不同种群杂交效果的研究 Ⅱ.中国种群和俄罗斯种群及其杂种F1中期生长发育

在对栉孔扇贝中国养殖种群(CC)、中国野生种群(CW)和俄罗斯种群(RW)及其3 种杂交种群早期(2,3,4月龄)生长发育研究的基础上进行了各种群的中期(6,8,10,12月龄)生长发育测定比较研究,结果表明,3个亲本群体各个性状的中期生长性能表现以中国养殖种群最好;3个杂交组合的杂种群体各个性状的中期生长性能均高于纯种亲本种群,杂种优势均较大,其范围在3%~52%,以CC♀×RW♂杂交效果最好;壳长、壳宽、壳高、活体重在4个生长发育指标中期的4 个阶段均表现出不同程度的杂种优势,杂种优势在性状间存在明显差别,体重的杂种优势远大于壳宽、壳长和壳高的,变化趋势为体重大于壳宽,壳宽大于壳长,壳长大于壳高;季节性变化因素对栉孔扇贝各个性状的生长速度影响非常大,6~8月龄处于冬季最寒冷的时间(11月份至翌年3月份),扇贝越冬期间仅能维持生命,生长率接近于0,温暖季节如6月龄(11月)以前和8月龄(3月份)以后各性状的生长速度提高幅度很大.

Studies on hybridization effects of the different geographic population of Chlamys farreri Ⅱ. The medium-term growth and development of Chinese population and Russian population and their reciprocal crosses

On the basis of the research of juvenile(2,3,4 months)growth and survival of three population of two different geographic areas in Chlamys farreri from Russia and China and their F₁ hybrids derived from Chinese cultural population(CC)♀ × Russian Population(R)♂,Chinese wild population(CW)♀× Russian Russian population(R)♂,Russian population(R)♀ × Chinese wild population(CW)♂,the study of the medium-term(6,8,10,12 months)growth and development of Chlamys farreri were carried out.The four determined results indicate that there exists different extenthet erosis(3%~52%)for growth in three types of F₁ hybrids and the of fspring derived from CC♀ × R♂ has a stronger heterosis among the crosses at the mediumterm,the uptrend among traits are wet weight greater than shell width greater than shell length greater than shell height,Chinese cultural population can be recognized as excellent parent,and the influence of season on the daily increment and growth rate of each trait of Chlamys farreri is very much and it is only able to survive and can barely grow in winter(6~8 m onths),but grow fast in temperate season(10~12 months).