不同材料塑料挂板对海月水母浮浪幼虫附着的影响

通过野外海区挂板的方法,探讨高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)和聚氨酯(PUR)6种不同材料的塑料挂板对海月水母(Aurelia sp.1)附着的影响,分析不同塑料挂板表面粗糙度和海月水母附着的关系.研究结果表明:海月水母浮浪幼虫在夏末秋初可以附着在人工投放的塑料挂板附着基上,表明海岸带工程造成的人工附着基增多可能为海月水母的附着提供便利条件;海月水母螅状幼体在不同材料塑料挂板上的附着率有明显差异,PET、PUR和PVC塑料挂板海月水母螅状幼体附着率显著大于其他3种塑料挂板,其中PUR塑料挂板海月水母螅状幼体附着率最大,附着率为3.21±0.74 ind./cm2,HDPE塑料挂板海月水母螅状幼体附着率最低为0.26±0.08 ind./cm2;海月水母浮浪幼虫附着率与不同材料表面的粗糙度并不显著相关,表明塑料挂板材料的表面粗糙度并不是影响海月水母螅状幼体附着率的关键因子,而不同材料塑料挂板上形成的生物膜可能也对海月水母浮浪幼虫的附着产生影响.研究结果可为我国近岸海域有害水母海月水母暴发和防控研究提供一定的重要参考数据.

Influence of different material plastic plates on the planula larvae settlement of moon jellyfish Aurelia sp.1

The influence of different material plastic plates(DMPP), including high density polyethylene(HDPE), low density polyethylene(LDPE), polyvinyl chloride(PVC), polystyrene(PS), polyethylene terephthalate(PET), and polyurethane(PUR), and the relationship between the roughness of plates and the settlement rates on the settlement of the larval moon jellyfish Aurelia sp.1 were investigated in situ. As result, it showed firstly that polyps of Aurelia sp.1 found on the DMPP during the early autumn indicates that the increasing artificial structures in coastal waters might have provided much suitable habitats for the settlement and proliferation of polyps. Secondly, the larvae showed a clear settling selection on the DMPP. The settlement rates of larvae were higher in the plastic plates made of PET, PUR and PVC than other three materials. The settlement rate of larvae was the highest in plastic plates made of PUR (3.21 ± 0.74 ind./cm²), while the lowest in plastic plates made of HDPE (0.26 ± 0.08 ind./cm²). Thirdly, the settlement rate of larvae was not significant related to the roughness value (Ra) of the materials. Therefore, the surface roughness of a material is not the key factor influencing the settlement rate of the larvae. The difference in biofilm formed on the plastic plate may also influence the settlement of larvae. These findings may provide important information on the causes and control of moon jellyfish blooms in coastal waters of China.