海洋雾状层的成因及其对海洋碳循环过程的影响

海洋雾状层既是陆源物质进入海底的输送通道，又是海洋水体中沉降颗粒及底部再悬浮颗粒物的停留场所。雾状层物质来源主要有陆源、生源以及海底表层沉积物的再悬浮，不同海区、不同层位的雾状层的物质来源有所差异；雾状层的成因具有复杂性，既有物理作用，又有生物及化学作用，大量研究表明，海底洋流、内波(潮)等物理作用是雾状层形成的主要控制因素。雾状层中碳的存在形态主要有颗粒有机碳(POC)、溶解有机碳(DOC)、胶体有机碳(COC)以及无机碳，雾状层与其上下海水之间、雾状层与海底表层沉积物之间不同形态碳在生物-化学-物理动力系统作用下不断发生物质交换与迁移，对海洋碳循环生物地球化学过程起重要的控制作用，是整个海洋碳循环的一个不可忽视的环节。

Formation Cause of Nepheloid Layer and Its Effect on Ocean Carbon Cycle Process

The ocean nepheloid layers are both the pathway for transporting the terrigenous materials to the seabed and the residence place of sinking and resuspended particulate matters. The material sources of nepheloid layer are mainly terrigenous material, biogenic matter and resuspended sea bottom sediments, and are different for different sea areas and layers. Its formation causes include physical, biologic and chemical actions. It is shown from many study results that the bottom current and internal wave or tide are the main factors to control the formation of nepheloid layer. The main carbon modes of occurrence in the nepheloid layer are particulate organic carbon(POC),dissolved organic carbon(DOC), colloidal organic carbon(COC) and inorganic carbon, and the material exchange and transport of different carbon modes between nepheloid layer ambient seawater and sea bottom sediment take place under the actions of the bio-chemico-physico dynamic system, so the nepheloid layers play an important role in ocean carbon cycle and are a nonnegligible link in the entire ocean carbon cycle.