西威佛斯海洋水色研究计划概述

１９９５年春，美国国家宇航局（ＮＡＳＡ）将发射一颗携带宽视场海洋观测传感器（ＳｅａＷｉＦＳ）的海洋卫星（Ｓｅａｓｔａｒ）．宽视场海洋观测传感器是继工作了七年多，于１９８５年停止发送资料的Ｎｉｍｂｕｓ－７海岸带水色扫描仪（ＣＺＺ）之后的第一个星载海洋水色传感器，不像作为概念验证性实验的海岸带水色扫描仪那样，宽视场海洋观测传感器被设计用来提供充分精确的光合色素浓度资料以进行海洋初级生产力和生物地球化学定量研究［４］。宽视场海洋观测传感器将常规地每二日一次提供全球复盖资料。美国国家宇航局空间科学应用署（ＡＳＳＡ）和哥达德空间飞行中心（ＧＳＦＣ）为了发展、管理海洋水色研究资料系统而制定了宽视场海洋观测传感器计划，这个系统能有效地收集、处理、校正、检验、存档以及发布由宽视场海洋观测传感器接收到的资料。本文主要介绍了宽视场海洋观测传感器计划的目的意义，研究内容以及其他概况［２，３］。

An Outline of the SeaWiFS Project

In the spring of 1995, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)of America will launch a SeaStar satellite,which carries the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor(SeaWiFS). The SeaWiFS will be the first ocean color satellite to follow the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner(CZCS), which ceased sending dataa in 1986 after more than seven years of operation. Unlike the CZCS, which was conceived as a proof-of-concept experiment. SeaWiFS will provide routine global coverage every two days and is designed to provide animates of photosynthetic pigment concentrations of sufficient accuracy for use in quantitatiye Studies of the ocean's primary productivity and biognochemistry. NASAls Office of Space Science and Applications(OSSA)and Goddard Space Flight Center (GSPC)have designated the SeaWiFS Project to develop and operate an ocean color research data system. This system will collect, process,calibrate,validate,archive and distribute the SeaWiFS ocean color data. This paper presents the objectives,significance,research program and overiew of the SeaWiFS projeci.