台湾海峡及其邻近海域潮汐数值计算

建立二维潮波模式,模拟了台湾海峡及其邻近海域(18-30°N,110-130°E)八个主要分潮(M2、S2、K1、O1、P1、Q1、K2、N2),并利用中国大陆及环台湾岛20多个潮位站的实测资料进行验证,计算结果与实测值吻合良好.此外,给出了八个主要分潮的同潮图,并逐个讨论了潮汐特征.结果显示:⑴台湾海峡中的潮波运动是北部蜕化了的旋转潮波系统和南部的前进潮波系统共同作用的结果.⑵半日分潮南、北两支潮波在台湾海峽中部汇合,而全日分潮则在台湾海峽南部海域汇合后继续朝西南方向传播.⑶半日分潮振幅最高值发生在福建省湄洲湾—兴化湾一带,全日分潮最高值则出现在雷州半岛以东一带近岸海域.⑷N2、K2和O1、P1、Q1分潮的振幅、迟角分布分别同M2与K1分潮的整体分布趋势相似.

Numerical study on tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas

Diurnal and semi-diurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas are calculated by using a two-dimensional finite-difference model.Compared with data of more than 20 observation stations around the Taiwan Strait,the model-produced results agree quite well with those of previous researches using observational data from coastal tidal gauge stations.According to the results,the charts of co-tidal lines are given.Furthermore,the characteristics of 8 major tides have been illuminated respectively.The result shows:(1) The tide motion can be attribute to the cooperation of the degenerative rotary tidal system in the north and the forward tidal system in the south.(2) The southward and northward tidal wave of semidiurnal tide collide in the middle of Taiwan Strait while the two tidal waves colliding in the southern strait, and then propagate southwestwardly.(3) The maximum amplitude of semi-diurnal tides exists at the area between Meizhou Bay and Xinghua Bay,and the maximum amplitude of diurnal tides appears in the region to the east of Leizhou Peninsula.(4) The patterns of cotidal charts of N_2,K_2 and O_1,P_1,Q_1 are similar to those of M_2,S_2 and K_1,O_1,respectively.