Identification,characterization, and statistical analysis of mudstone aggregate clasts,Cretaceous Carlile Formation,Central Alberta,Canada |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Senacka 1, 31-002 Kraków, Poland;2. Micha? Matysik Geoconsulting, Malachitowa 5/3, 30-798 Kraków, Poland;3. Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;1. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, W Yorkshire, LS2 9JT, UK;2. UMR 5276, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Terre, Planètes et Environnement, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France;1. School of Natural Resources, 615 Hardin Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0996, USA;2. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0340, USA;3. University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 68588-0514, USA;4. Kansas Geological Survey, 111 Parker Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KA 66047-3724, USA;5. Utah Geological Survey, 1594 West North Temple, P.O. Box 146100, Salt Lake City, UT 84114-6100, USA;1. Institute of Geological Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Senacka 1, 31-002 Kraków, Poland;2. Polish Geological Institute–National Research Institute, Zgoda 21, 25–953 Kielce, Poland |
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| Abstract: | While clastic mudstones and shale were traditionally interpreted to have been deposited in quiet water settings, recent flume experiments and studies have shown that mud can be transported in and deposited by traction currents as migrating ripples of mud aggregates. Despite these recent advances, mud aggregates have rarely been adequately described in the rock record.These mud aggregates and the sedimentary structures they form in mudstone successions are difficult to observe in the rock record due to compaction, which often obliterates the aggregates and flattens bedforms. This paper documents unambiguously identifiable sand sized mudstone aggregates in thin sections and SEM, transported in traction, and deposited in a series of prograding clinothems. These aggregates were sufficiently indurated to locally preserve shelter porosity, significantly improving the hydrocarbon reservoir properties.Grain size analysis of the aggregates was performed on thin sections, as well as disaggregated samples measured by a laser diffraction grain size analyzer for comparison. These analyses showed that sand sized aggregates often comprise more than half of the sediment volume. While the clay-rich composition of the Carlile Formation would suggest that it is a mudstone, statistical analysis of these grain size measurements show that it could alternatively be described as a silty sandstone. These findings potentially change how we think about mudstone classification, fine-grained sedimentation, and mudstone dominated petroleum reservoirs. |
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| Keywords: | Mudstone Shale Mud Clasts Clinoform Clinothem Gas Aggregates |
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