基于植硅体分析的黄河三角洲26kaB.P.以来古环境演变研究

利用位于黄河三角洲水下三角洲DYZK1钻孔沉积物¹⁴C年龄测定和浅地层剖面声学层序相结合构建岩芯时间序列,对96个沉积物样品进行植硅体分析,结合粒度参数和磁化率等岩性和生物地层垂向变化,恢复重建黄河三角洲古沉积和气候环境。结果表明指标参数存在显著的垂向变化规律,26.0kaB.P以来黄河三角洲沉积环境经历河流相—海陆过渡相—潮坪相—浅海相—三角洲相演变过程,植硅体分析表明:植硅体主要有尖型、平滑棒型、刺状棒型、冒型、长方型和扇型等类型。不同温湿度组合条件下植硅体形态组合基本不变,不同沉积时期植硅体含量变化具有规律性,表明同一沉积环境植硅体形态组合具有稳定性。尖型、平滑棒型、刺状棒型等主要类型植硅体在潮坪相和三角洲相沉积期间含量较多,而在浅海相和河流相沉积期间含量较少,但这种差异与温湿度之间不是明显的线性关系,这主要主要由于植硅体含量变化决定于植物生长对硅的需求。通过变差系数的比较分析,沉积物主要类型植硅体含量,在海陆过渡相和河流相沉积期间变化幅度较大,而在潮坪相和三角洲相沉积期间变化幅度较小。

Paleo-environmental evolution based on high-resolution phytolith since 26 ka B. P. in Huanghe River Delta

The Huanghe River Delta is one of the world's large rivers, the Huanghe River Delta paleoenvironmental evolution in the Huanghe River has been a hot issue since the Last Glacial. Based on the core time series established by combining AMS ¹⁴C dating of Core DYZK1 sediments in submerged of Huanghe River Delta and acoustic sequence on sub-bottom profile, phytolith analyses are carried out on 96 sediment samples. The grain size parameters, magnetic susceptibility are combined with the vertical changes of biostratum to reconstruct the paleo-sedimentary and climatic conditions in the Huanghe River Delta. The study results show that there is a significant vertical change law in the index parameters, and that sedimentary environment of Huanghe River Delta experienced an evolutionary process of fluvial facies-sealand transition facies-tidal flat facies-neritic faciesdelta facies since 26.0 ka B. P.. The phytolith analyses results are as following. Firstly, The phytoliths are divided into lanceolate, smooth-elongated, spiny-elongated, rondel, long rectangular, bulliform and other types. In different sedimental environment, the phytolith content changes regularly, indicating that the phytolith assembles in the same sedimentary environment has a certain degree of stability. Secondly, The lanceolate, smooth-elongated and spiny-elongated categories of phytoliths have greater contents in the tidal flat facies and delta deposition, while have a smaller contents in the neritic facies and fluvial facies environment. Thirdly, Through comparative analysis of variation coefficient, the content of major phytolith categories in the sediment has a greater change amplitude in the sealand transition facies and fluvial facies deposition, while being more stable in the tidalflat facies and delta facies deposition.