海口湾海域波浪特征分析

通过在海口湾北部海域布置波浪观测站,对采集到的实测波浪资料进行统计和波谱分析,研究了琼州海峡波浪季节性变化特征。观测期间最大波高为5.6 m,发生在台风"莎莉嘉"经过期间。无台风影响的月份最大波高为3.0 m。年平均十分之一大波波高、年平均有效波高、年平均波高分别为0.5 m、0.4 m、0.3 m,该海域波高总体不大。波周期范围主要在2～7 s区间。研究结果表明:1)观测海区各月基本都受到东北风影响并存在东北向的波浪; 2)发现海区波浪类型主要是风浪为主的混合浪; 3)发现观测海区一直受到南海传入的长周期波影响; 4)海区风向与浪向的一致性在东北季风影响时段明显强于西南季风影响时段,风速与波高的相关性在东北季风影响时段明显强于西南季风影响时段,该现象在台风月份表现得尤其明显。

Analysis on wave characteristics in Haikou Bay

The seasonal variation characteristics of waves were studied and wave spectrograms analyzed based on wave data measured by the wave observation station in the north part of Haikou Bay. During the observation period, the maximum wave height was 5.6 m, which occurred during typhoon Sarika. The maximum wave height of the months without typhoon was 3.0 m. The annual average 1/10 wave height, the annual average significant wave height and the annual average wave height were 0.5 m, 0.4 m and 0.3 m respectively, and the wave height in the area was generally not large. The wave period range was mainly in the 2~7 s interval. The results show that: 1) The observed sea was basically affected by the northeastern winds every month and there were northeastern waves. 2) We found that the wave types in the sea area were mainly mixed waves of wind waves. 3) It was found that the observed sea was always affected by the long period waves from the South China Sea . 4) The consistency of wind direction and wave direction during the northeast monsoon was obviously stronger than the consistency of the southwest monsoon, and the correlation between wind speed and wave height during the northeast monsoon was also obviously stronger than the correlation of the southwest monsoon. This phenomenon was particularly evident during the typhoon months.