浙江海域天竺鲷科鱼类新纪录种—黑边银口天竺鲷(Jaydia truncata)形态特征与DNA条形码研究

2015年10月中旬,在浙江省舟山市近海的渔业资源调查中采集到天竺鲷标本,经鉴定发现其中黑边银口天竺鲷为浙江新纪录种。本文对采集的6尾黑边银口天竺鲷标本拍摄照片并开展形态特征和DNA条形码研究,对该种的拉丁学名进行校正。黑边银口天竺鲷的有效学名为Jaydia truncata(Bleeker,1854)。具有以下主要形态特征:背鳍鳍条数VII+I,9,胸鳍鳍条数16—17;背前鳞数4;第一鳃弓总鳃耙数3—4+11—13,发达鳃耙数1+9—10,角鳃弓上的鳃耙数9;前鳃盖骨边缘锯齿状;第一背鳍上端黑色,第二背鳍及尾鳍边缘黑色,第二背鳍与臀鳍中部各具一黑色纵纹。本研究分析了浙江海域5种天竺鲷科鱼类的形态差异,并编制了检索表。测定了6尾标本的DNA条形码,结合Gen Bank中所有学名为Jaydia truncata及其同种异名的同源序列分析,发现所有个体明显分为两个分支,且两者遗传距离达到0.149,表明两分支可能为不同的有效种,Gen Bank中只有AB890050和JQ681488与本研究序列结果相近。

A NEW RECORD OF JAYDIA TRUNCATA (PERCIFORMES: APOGONIDAE) FROM ZHEJIANG BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND DNA BARCODING

A cardinalfish species Jaydia truncata (Bleeker, 1854) was recorded from coastal waters of Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, East China Sea, based on six specimens ranged from 39.9 to 61.6 mm in standard length. This species is distinct in the following combination of characters:dorsal-fin rays VII+I, 9, anal-fin rays II, 8, pectoral-fin rays 16-17; gill rakers on first gill arch 3-4+11-13, developed gill rakers 1+9-10, gill rakers on ceratobranchial 8; preopecular edger serrated, preopecular ridge serrated at the angle; cheek stripe present, distal half of the first dorsal fin black, black stripes appear across the middle of the second dorsal fin and anal fin, the second dorsal fin and caudal fin with black edge. This species is the fifth apogonid species and third Jaydia species recorded from Zhejiang Province. We compared the morphological characters of the five apogonid species of Zhejiang Province and provided a key to apogonid species of Zhejiang coastal waters. We sequenced the cytochrome oxidase I subunit (COI) gene fragments, and analyzed them with all four homologous sequences of Jaydia truncata and its synonyms in GenBank. The result suggests two valid species. AB890050 and JQ681488 are identical to our results.