青海湖水位变化对青藏高原气候变化的响应

利用1959-2008年青海湖流域刚察和天峻站的降水、气温、风速及布哈河流量、青海湖水位高度、青藏高原地面加热场强度距平指数和青藏高原季风指数等逐月资料,分析了气候变化对青海湖水位年际波动的影响。结果表明,冬季青藏高原地面加热场的加强有利于青藏高原冬季风的加强,春末夏初(5～6月)青藏高原地面加热场强度的增强有利于青藏高原夏季风的提前(5～6月)加强;冬、春季青海湖流域风速与布哈河流量是引起青海湖水位年际差变化的主要因子;夏、秋季,青海湖水位年际差受流域降水量、风速和流量的共同作用,随着流域降水增加、入湖流量的加大、风速减小,水位年际差呈上升趋势(水位下降速度减慢)。建立了青藏高原热力作用和气候变化的关系及其对青海湖水位下降趋缓(年际差增大)的概念模型。

Respons of Water Level in Qinghai Lake to Climate Change in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

The increase of the intensity departure index of surface heating field in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in the period from May to June helps to the strengthen of the Plateau summer monsoon.The wind speed of Qinghai Lake basin and Buha river flow are the main factors affecting the changes of interannual difference of water level in winter and spring.However,the interannual difference of water level in summer and autumn is affected jointly by precipitation,wind speed and flow.With the increasing of the basin precipitation and Buha river flow,and decreasing of basin wind speed,the interannual difference of water level in Qinghai Lake displays an upward trend(slower decline of the water level).So a concept model has been get up by above research,this model explain that how the thermal in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau effects on the water level in Qinghai Lake through basin climate change.